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Previous studies from our laboratory have reported a marked reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and sodium reabsorption in renal proximal tubule during intravenous infusion of P1,P4-diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A) at dose of 1.0 µmol/kg + 10 nmol/kg/min (i.v., injection followed by infusion) in anaesthetized Wistar rats. In the present study, the changes of GFR and urine sodium excretion...
The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of some classical and new antidepressants on functional activity of the glucocorticoid receceptor (GR) induced by low corticosterone concentration in mouse fibroblast cells stably transfected with mouse mammary tumor virus-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase plasmid (LMCAT cells). We found that the transcriptional activity of GR stimulated by 50...
We have previously shown that the endocrine cells in the stomach increase in number in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) that suggests that the hypertension has an influence on the intrinsic regulatory system by endocrine cells control in the stomach of rats. The aim of the present study is to find differences in the density of neuroendocrine (NE) cells of stomach rats and composition in doxazosin...
Enhanced fatty acid uptake may lead to the accumulation of lipid intermediates. This is related to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Rodent studies suggest that fatty acid transporters are acutely regulated by insulin. We investigated differences in fatty acid transporter content before and at the end of a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp in skeletal muscle (m. vastus lateralis) of...
The present study was designed to determine the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins (PG) in the stimulatory action of clenbuterol, a selective ß2-adrenergic receptor agonist on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis under basal and social crowding stress conditions. Clenbuterol given i.c.v. (10 µg) or i.p. (0.2 mg/kg) considerably increased ACTH and corticosterone secretion. A selective...
With diabetes mellitus, the ability of the kidneys to maintain fluid balance is affected. Hyperglycaemia increases production of hyaluronan in cultured kidney cells implying that diabetes promotes induction of hyaluronan in the kidney. The aim of the present study was to determine if the interstitial matrix component hyaluronan is differently distributed within the kidney in diabetic rats compared...
Endogenous platelet activating factor (PAF) is involved in heart ischemic preconditioning. PAF can also afford pharmacological preconditioning. We studied whether mitochondrial-ATP-sensitive K+ (mKATP) channels and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in PAF-induced cardioprotection. In Group 1 control hearts, Langendorff-perfused rat hearts underwent 30 min ischemia and 2 hours of reperfusion...
We tested the hypothesis that endothelium-dependent relaxation in the chicken ductus arteriosus (DA) is developmentally regulated. Isolated DA rings from 15-, 19- and 21-day-old (externally pipped) chicken embryos relaxed to acetylcholine (ACh). This relaxation was unaffected by indomethacin but impaired by endothelium removal, by the NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME, and by the soluble guanylate cyclase...
During natural contractions of a muscle, motor units (MUs) are activated by irregular discharge patterns of motoneurones. The aim of this study was to analyze changes in contractile forces of MUs following patterns of stimulation at variable frequency. Experiments were performed on 33 functionally isolated MUs of the fast-type in the medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle of adult Wistar rats, under pentobarbital...
Theory predicts respiratory instabilities at elevated system loop gain (G), determined by such factors as ventilatory CO2 sensitivity, set-point PCO2, and metabolic rate. In anesthetized rabbits, the effects on G of carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors and of different sodium/proton exchanger type 3 (NHE3) inhibitors were studied. Acetazolamide significantly reduced G by 42.0 ± 9.3% and methazolamide...
The effect of AVE1599, an inhibitor of the sodium/proton exchanger type 3 (NHE3), on phrenic nerve (PN) activity was investigated using the working heart brainstem preparation (WHBP). Hypercapnia (pH: -0.1) applied for 10 min reversibly increased PN frequency (f) by 66.0 ± 19.5% and decreased burst duration by 23.3 ± 3% (mean ± SE, n = 21). Similarly, AVE1599 (0.3µM) increased f after 10 and 30 min...
Activation of serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptors has been shown to have diverse effects on respiration. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in respiratory motor pattern of phrenic nerve activity and respiratory rhythm after systemic application of specific 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-di-n-propylamino-tetralin (8-OH-DPAT). We hypothesized that systemic application of specific 5-HT1A...
The development of cancer is associated with high oxidative stress and at the same time with immune system activation. Tumors develop efficient mechanisms of protection against the immune response, which allow them to escape the immune surveillance. Simultaneously, key events in the process of carcinogenesis are related to oxidative stress. The relationship between the two remains unknown. Novel understanding...
We studied whether cannabinoid CB1 receptors occur on the sympathetic neurones innervating the guinea-pig atrium and renal cortex. Atrial and cortical kidney pieces preincubated with [3H]-noradrenaline were superfused and the electrically (3 Hz)-evoked tritium overflow was examined. The evoked overflow in atrium was inhibited by the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212-2 maximally by 35%; its concentration-response...
Background: Rats with liver cirrhosis, evoked by chronic administration of thioacetamide (TAA), consumed voluntarily more alcohol than their healthy counterparts. Seeking the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, the opioid system was screened for involvement and alterations. In vivo, the influence of chronically administered Naloxone and Naltrexone, non-specific opioid receptor antagonists, on alcohol...
AIM. We investigated effects of pulsating electromagnetic field (PEMF-50 Hz, 45 ± 5 mT) on viability and cytokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy donors and from Crohn’s disease patients (CD). METHODS. The study was performed after activation of cells with phytohaemaglutinin (PHA) and lipopolisaccharide (LPS). Exposure of PBMC cultures to PEMF from both CD...
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